UNEVEN BASTING

2. UNEVEN BASTING :---In this the length of stitches on the upper side is at

least twice that on the underside . Use this type of basting as a guide line .

It is usually made through a single layer of fabric . The size of the stitch on

the upper side is usually 1 /4 ".

TEMPARARY STITCHES

 




TEMPORARY STITCHES :--

1.EVEN BASTING :---In this the stitches are of equal length about 1/4 " on

both sides of the material . This is used for tacking seams and other details

which must be held securely .

BASIC HAND STITCHES

Basic stitches are divided into constructive and decorative stitches.

Constructive stitches are for-Thar divided into temporary and permanent

stitches .

TEMPORARY STITCHES :---Tacking or basting is a temporary stitch

used for holding two or more layers or material together before the

permanent stitches are made . Usually this stitch is horizontal and

is worked from right to left . For tacking use a contrasting color

thread so that it can be easily seen and removed .The length

of stitches will very depending on the weight of the fabric and

how securely the pieces have to be held together . There are

several types of basting stitches , four of which are explained

below .

SEWING MACHINE ATTACHMENTS

HEMMER FOOT :---This is used for turning up and stitching a narrow hem .

RUFFLER :---This attachments is capable of tacking uniform gathered or

pleated frills and will take apply frills to another section at the same

time . It is useful in making children 's garments .

CLOTH GUIDE :---This is a useful in guiding fabric for uniform stitching .
CORDING FOOT OR ZIPPER FOOT :---This is designed used for

applying cording into seams and for application of zipper .

BINDER :---This is used for applying ready made or self made bias

binding to a straight or curve edge .

TUCKER :--This is used for making uniform tucks from 1/8" to 1 "

in width .

GATHERING FOOT :---This attachment gathers fabric as a dis stitched

with the fullness locked in every stitch .

FEED COVER PLATE :---This used to cover the feed dog while doing

machine embroidery and darning .

MATERIAL NOT FEEDING CORRECTLY :--1.Stitch regulator set too close to ' o ' point .

2 .Dirt under needle plate near feed dog .

3 .Incorrect presser foot pressure .

4 .bent presser foot .

MACHINE RUNS HEAVILY :----

1.Lack of oil .

2.Thread wound round wheel or treadle bearings.

3.Belt too tight

4.Bobbin winder pressed down .

5 .Thread jammed in shuttle race .

6 .Gummed oil or dirt on bearings .

LOWER THREAD BREAKING :---

1.Poor thread .

2.Lower tension too tight .


3.Bobbin case threaded wrongly .

4.Sharp edge on needle plate .

5.Bobbin wound too full or uneven .

6. Dirt in bobbin case .

FABRIC PUCKERING :---

1. ONE OR BOTH TENSIONS TOO TIGHT .

2. STITCH TOO LONG FOR MATERIAL BEING SEWN .

3. BLUNT NEEDLE .

NEEDLE BREAKING :--

1.Incorrect size of needle for thread and fabric .

2.Needle blunt .

3.Pulling of material while stitching .

4.Presser foot incorrectly set .

5 .Crossing a thick seam using too small needle .

STAGGERED STITCHES :---

1.Too little pressure on presser foot .

2.Take up spring weak ,broken or missing .

UNEVEN STITCH LENGTH :---

1.Incorrect presser foot pressure .

2.Feed dog dirty or worn out .

MINOR TROUBLES AND THEIR CAUSES

TANGLED THREAD AT THE BEGINNING :---

1. Bobbin too full .

2. Bobbin set in wrong direction .

3. Under thread not drawn up .

4. Both threads not pulled back under the presser foot .

5. Machine not properly oiled and cleaned .

SKIPPED STITCHES :---

1. Needle bent .

2 .Needle set with long groove turned to wrong side .

3. Needle inserted too high or too low in the needle bar .

4 .Needle threaded from the wrong side .

5. Needle too small .

6 . Excess oil on shuttle .

UPPER THREAD BREAKING :---

1. Poor thread .

2 .Machine in correctely threaded .

3 .Needle set on wrong side .

4 .Needle too fine for thread .

5 . Needle threaded from the wrong side .

6 .Upper tension too tight .

7 .Sharp edge on needle plate hole or suhttle .

8. Thread take -up spring broken .